The Concordance of Care for Age Related Macular Degeneration with the Chronic Care Model: A Multi-Centered Cross-Sectional Study

AIMS The aim of the study was to assess the concordance of care for age related macular degeneration with the evidence-based framework for care for chronic medical conditions known as the chronic care model. Furthermore we aimed to identify factors associated with the concordance of care with the chronic care model. METHODS Multi-centered cross-sectional study. 169 patients beginning medical treatment for age related macular degeneration were recruited and analyzed. Patients completed the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) questionnaire, reflecting accordance to the chronic care model from a patient's perspective, the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Visual acuity and chronic medical conditions were assessed. Nonparametric tests and correlation analyses were performed, also multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS The median PACIC summary score was 2.4 (interquartile range 1.75 to 3.25), the lowest PACIC subscale score was "follow-up/coordination" with a median of 1.8 (interquartile range 1.00 to 2.60). In multivariable regression analysis the presence of diabetes type 2 was strongly associated with low PACIC scores (coefficient = -0.85, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Generally, care for patients with age related macular degeneration by ophthalmologists is in moderate concordance with the chronic care model. Concerning follow-up and coordination of health service, large improvements are possible. Future research should answer the question how healthcare delivery can be improved effecting relevant benefits to patients with AMD.